Chemical
Bonding
Q1. Choose
the most appropriate answer from the following options:
(i) Among the following compounds
identify the compound that has all three types of bonds (ionic, covalent and
coordinate bond). [2013][1]
a. Ammonia
b. Ammonium chloride
c. Sodium hydroxide
d. Calcium chloride
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Ans. Ammonium chloride
(ii) Which of the following is not a
typical property of an ionic compound? [2013][1]
a. High melting point
b. Conducts electricity in the molten
and in the aqueous solution state.
c. They are insoluble in water.
d. They exist as oppositely charged
ions even in the solid state.
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Ans. c. They are insoluble in water.
(iii) A compound X consists of only
molecules. Hence X will have: [2014][1]
a. a crystalline hard structure.
b. a low melting point and low boiling
point.
c. an ionic bond.
d. a strong force of attraction between
its molecules.
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Ans. b. a low melting point and low boiling point.
(iv) The molecule having a triple
covalent bond is: [2014][1]
a. ammonia
b. methane
c. water
d. nitrogen
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Ans. d. nitrogen
(v) Bonding in this molecule can be
understood to involve coordinate bonding: [2015][1]
a. Carbon tetrachloride
b. Hydrogen
c. Hydrogen Chloride
d. Ammonium chloride
Show Answer
Ans. d. Ammonium chloride
(vi) Which of the following is a common
characteristic of a covalent compound? [2017][1]
a. high melting point
b. consists of molecules
c. always soluble in water
d. conducts electricity when it is in
the molten state
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Ans. b. consists of molecules
(vii) A compound with low boiling point
is: [2020][1]
a. sodium chloride
b. Calcium chloride
c. Potassium chloride
d. Carbon tetrachloride
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Ans. d. Carbon tetrachloride
(viii) A polar covalent compound is: [Specimen
2023]
a. Methane
b. Ammonia
c. Nitrogen
d. Chlorine
Show Answer
Ans. Ammonia
Q2. Fill in
the blanks from the choices given below:
(i) In covalent compounds, the bond is
formed due to the ……………….. (sharing/transfer) of electrons. [2011] [Specimen
2023] [1]
Show Answer
Ans. sharing
(ii) Electrovalent compounds have a
……………… (low/high) boiling point. [2011][1]
Show Answer
Ans. high
(iii) A molecule of ……………. contains a
triple bond. (hydrogen, ammonia, nitrogen) [2011][1]
Show Answer
Ans. nitrogen
(iv) Electrovalent compounds have …………………
(high/low) melting points. [2016][1]
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Ans. high
(v) The compound that does not have a
lone pair of electrons is …………… (water, ammonia, carbon tetrachloride).
[2017][1]
Show Answer
Ans. carbon tetrachloride
(vi) Ionic or electrovalent compounds do
not conduct electricity in their ……………… state. (fused/solid) [2018] [Specimen
2023] [1]
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Ans. solid
(vii) The polar covalent compound in
gaseous state that does not conduct electricity is …………………. (carbon
tetrachloride, ammonia, methane) [2020][1]
Show Answer
Ans. ammonia
(viii) A molecule which has a single lone
pair of electrons …………………. (NH3/H2O). [Specimen 2023]
Show Answer
Ans. NH3
Q3. Give
suitable chemical terms for the following:
(i) A bond formed by a shared pair of
electrons with both electrons coming from the same atom. [2013] [Specimen
2023] [1]
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Ans. Coordinate bond
(ii) The covalent bond in which the
electrons are shared equally between the combining atoms. [2019][1]
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Ans. Non-polar covalent bond
(iii) The chemical bond formed by a shared
pair of electrons, each bonding atom contributing one electron to the pair.
[2020][1]
Show Answer
Ans. Covalent bond
Q4. By
drawing an electron dot diagram, show the lone pair effect leading to the
formation of ammonium ion from ammonia gas and hydrogen ion. [2011][2016][2]
Show Answer
this
Ans.
Q5. Draw an
electron dot diagram to show the structure of hydronium ion. State the type of
bonding present in it. [2012][2018][3]
Show Answer
this
Ans.
Q6. Draw an
electron dot diagram to show the formation of each of the following compounds:
[2017][4]
(i) Methane
Show Answer
this
Ans.
(ii) Magnesium chloride [H=1, C=6, Mg=12,
Cl=17]
Show Answer
this
Ans.
Q7. Draw the structure of the stable positive ion formed when an acid
dissolves in water. [2014][2]
Show Answer
this
Ans.
Q8. Draw the electron dot structure of:
[2019][3]
(i) Nitrogen molecule [N=7]
Show Answer
this
Ans.
(ii) Sodium chloride [Na=1, Cl=17]
Show Answer
this
Ans.
(iii) Ammonium ion [N=7, H=1]
Show Answer
this
Ans.
Q9. Draw the electron dot diagram for the
compounds given below. Represent the electrons by (.) and (x) in the diagram:
[2020][3]
[Atomic number. Ca=20, O=8, Cl=17, H=1]
(i) Calcium oxide
Show Answer
this
Ans.
(ii) Chlorine molecule
Show Answer
this
Ans.
(iii) Water molecule
Show Answer
this
Ans.
Q10. Draw the electron dot structure for the
following. [Specimen 2023]
- H3O+
Ans.
Show Answer
this
- CH4
Ans.
Show Answer
this
Q11. There
are three elements E, F, G with atomic numbers 19, 8 and 17 respectively.
(i) Classify the elements as metals and
non-metals. [2012][3]
Show Answer
Ans. E is a metal. F and G are non-metals.
(ii) Give the molecular formula of the
compound formed between E and G and state the type of chemical bond in this
compound. [2012][1]
Show Answer
Ans. Molecular formula is EG and type of bond is ionic bond.
Q12. Compare
the compounds carbon tetrachloride and sodium chloride with regard to
solubility in water and electrical conductivity. [2013][2]
Show Answer
Ans. Carbon tetrachloride is insoluble in water whereas sodium chloride is soluble in water. Carbon tetrachloride is non-conductor of electricity whereas sodium chloride is a good conductor of electricity.
Q13. Why do
covalent compounds exist as gases, liquids or soft solids? [1][2014]
Show Answer
Ans. Because they are held by relatively weaker forces that are known as van der waal’s forces.
Q14. Give
appropriate scientific reasons for the following statements:
(i) Carbon tetrachloride does not
conduct electricity. [2015][1]
Show Answer
Ans. Because of the absence of free ions.
(ii) Ionic compounds have a high melting
point. [2018][1]
Show Answer
this
Ans.
(iii) Inert gases do not form ions.
[2018][1]
Show Answer
this
Ans.
Q15. Explain
the bonding in methane molecule using electron dot structure. [2015][2]
Ans.
Show Answer
this
Q16. The
following table shows the electronic configuration of the elements W, X, Y, Z:
[2016][4]
|
Element |
W |
X |
Y |
Z |
|
Electronic configurations |
2,8,1 |
2,8,7 |
2,5 |
1 |
Answer the
following questions based on the table above:
(i) What type of bond is formed between:
a. W and X
Show Answer
Ans. ionic bond
b. Y and Z
Show Answer
Ans. Covalent bond
(ii) What is the formula of the compound
formed between:
a. X and Z
Show Answer
Ans. ZX
b. W and X
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Ans. WX
Q17. State
the type of bonding in the following molecules: [2017][2]
(i) Water
Show Answer
this
Ans.
(ii) Calcium oxide
Show Answer
this
Ans.
Q18. What
do you understand by a lone pair of electrons? [1][2018]
Show Answer
this
Ans.
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